Category:
Nickel Alloy
It is one of the most important metal and in common usage, one glance around you be it indoors or outdoors steel is in some way present in some form or the other, similarly there are different type of carbon steel used for different reasons in different sectors.
Definition of carbon Steel
Carbon steel alloy contains from 0.12% to 2% of carbon, similarly any steel can also know as the same it doesn’t contain the certified minimum amounts of major material. Alloys like Molybdenum cobalt, Nickel, Chromium, Zirconium, Tungsten, Titanium, or any other alloy, similarly if any alloy has less than 0.4% of copper it comes under its category. This may also apply to any steel having more than 1.6% of manganese or 0.6% copper, in other words any steel can be known by this name that is not stainless steel, as alloy steel.
Uses of High Carbon Steel
It is used in many industries basically as low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel, and ultra-carbon steel, to emphasize in ultra-high carbon we see that it’s the hardest yet very vulnerable, hence it can’t be cold worked, it finds it place with huge machine parts, blades, metal lamp post, cutting tools, springs, punches, high strength wires, drill bits, knives, etc.
Medium carbon steel is quite easy to work with, small amounts of silicon and manganese is added to it to enhance the quality of steel. It is also known as mild steel and used in the structure of buildings towers and bridges, it is also used to manufacture gears, fridges, cars, pipelines and more. Finally, sheets and strips is contributed to low carbon steel, it so used in the automotive industry, domestic appliance, ship building, wire, gates, fencing, railings and so on.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Carbon steel has a lots of advantages due to its hardness and strength, this can even supersede when compared to other hard materials, and However the flexibility and workability is why manufacturers with press machinery prefer it. On the other hand it has its own drawbacks since it is difficult to weld which poses a great challenge to the manufactures. In the same way, while its hardness is needed for cutting tools, it is also can break easily, hence it does not hold up when matched to other specialty steel.
Carbon Steel Products
- Carbon Steel Pipe
- Carbon Steel Tube
- Carbon Steel Plate
- Carbon Steel Round Bar
- Carbon Steel Pipe Fitting
- Carbon Steel Flanges
Types of Carbon Steel
| Carbon contents (wt.%) | Physical Properties | Common grades example | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low-carbon steel (Pearlite / Ferrite) | < 0.25 | Low cost / hardness. High machinability, ductility, toughness, and welding ability | AISI 304, ASTM A815/ SAA815, AISI 316L |
| Medium-carbon steel (Martensite) | 25 to 0.60 | Low hardness, medium ductility, strength, and toughness | AISI 409, ASTM A29/ SA29, SCM435 |
| High-carbon steel (Pearlite) | .60 to 1.25 | High strength and hardness but low ductility | EN 10088-3, AISI 440C |
Low Carbon Steel grades
| Grade | UNS Designation number |
|---|---|
| 1010 | G10100 |
| 1018 | G10180 |
| 1020 | G10200 |
| 1022 | G10220 |
Medium Carbon Steel grades
| Grade | Table HeaderAV |
|---|---|
| 1030 | G10300 |
| 1040 | G10400 |
| G100 | G10450 |
| 1060 | G10600 |
Carbon Steel Temperature Range
- CS Temperature Range: 29 to 427 °C
- LTCS - Low Temperature Carbon steel Temperature Range : 45.5 to 427 ° C
Carbon Steel Composition
Low Carbon Steel grade Chemical Formula
| Grade | UNS Number | S (max) | C (max) | P (max) | Mn (max) | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1010 | G10100 | .05% | .08-.13% | 04% | .60-.90% | - | - | - | - |
| 1018 | G10180 | .05% | .14-.20% | 04% | 30-.60% | - | - | - | - |
| 1020 | G10200 | .05% | .14-.20% | 04% | .30-.60% | - | - | - | - |
| 1022 | G10220 | .05% | .17-.23% | .04% | .70-1.00% | - | - | - | - |
Medium Carbon Steel material Chemical Properties
| Grade | UNS Number | Mn (max) | S (max) | C (max) | P (max) | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1010 | G10100 | 30-.60% | .05% | 08-.13% | .04% | - | - | - | - |
| 1018 | G10180 | .60-.90% | .05% | .14-.20% | .04% | - | - | - | - |
| 1020 | G10200 | .30-.60% | 0.5% | .17-.23% | .04% | - | - | - | - |
| 1022 | G10220 | .70-1.00% | 0.5% | .17-.23% | .04% | - | - | - | - |
CS ASTM Standard
| Pipes | |
|---|---|
| ASTM A53/A53M/ SA 53 | ASTM A106/A106M / SA 106 |
| ASTM A134 / SA 134 | ASTM A135/A135M / SA 135 |
| ASTM A139/A139M / SA 139 | ASTM A671 / S A671 |
| ASTM A672 / SA672 | ASTM A333 Grade 6 /3/ SA333 |
| Piping Connection | |
|---|---|
| A350 LF2/ SA 350 | A105 / SA105 |
| A694 / SA694 | A234 WPB / SA234 |
| A420 WPL6 / SA420 | A860 (WPHY) / SA860 |
Properties of CS
| Alloy Type | AISI | Carbon content (wt.%) | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Ductility (% elongation in 50 mm) | Common Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | 1010 | 10 | 180 | 325 | 28 | Automobile panels, nails, wire |
| Low | 1020 | 20 | 205 | 380 | 25 | structural steel, Pipe, sheet steel |
| Low | A36 | 29 | 220 | 400 | 23 | Structural alloy |
| Low | A516 Gr 70 | 31 | 260 | 485 | 21 | LTCS pressure vessels |
| Medium | 1030 | 27 – .34 | 325 | 460 | 12 | Gears, machinery items, shifts, axles, bolts |
| Medium | 1040 | .37 – .44 | 415 | 620 | 25 | coupling, crankshafts, cold headed parts. |
| Low | 1080 | 75 – .88 | 460 | 924 | 12 | Music wire |
| Low | 1095 | .90 – 1.04 | 280 | 665 | 10 | Cutting tool, Spring |
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